New window installation can benefit you and your home in numerous ways. You can reap the benefits of greater energy efficiency, increased curb appeal and so much more. Some homeowners choose to install their new windows themselves to save money on labor costs. While we don’t recommend window installation as a DIY project, we understand that our customers want to know what this project entails.
For this reason, we’ve created a helpful step-by-step guide on how to install windows, along with other information you may find useful during your project. This guide will focus primarily on vinyl windows, one of the most common options.
Before we delve into the details, please know that professional window installation services are readily available at Your Window Solutions. Click the button below to learn more about these services.
What Tools and Materials Does Window Installation Require?
A window installation project requires several tools and materials. The materials required include:
- Flashing tape (or roll flashing)
- Wood filler
- Silicone caulk
- Spray foam insulation for doors and windows
- Paintable latex caulk
You’ll also need the following tools:
- Drill with a driver and bits
- Shop vacuum
- Oscillating tool with blades
- Two-foot level
- Caulking gun
Please ensure you gather all the necessary materials and tools before starting, as this ensures a smooth process from start to finish. If you don’t own all these tools, you can purchase them at most home improvement stores. The necessary materials can also usually be purchased at these venues. Of course, if you don’t feel comfortable using these tools or working with these materials, we recommend getting a free, no-obligation window installation quote.
What Kind of Prep Does Window Installation Require Before Starting?
Before beginning your window installation project, you must prep the window pocket and surrounding area. Preparation should include measuring the window pocket, removing the old window and cleaning the window opening.
Measuring the Window Pocket
Using a tape measure, measure inside the existing frame. Don’t measure between the stops that hold the sashes in place, or you’ll get an inaccurate reading. To be most accurate, measure both height and width on the left, right, and center of the frame.
When ordering your windows, you’ll want to choose ones that fit the smallest measurement you took from each grouping. The right, left and center for height (or width) will often be the same. But, sometimes, they may differ – especially in old windows.
Take your time when measuring your existing windows so you get an accurate reading!
Removing the Old Window
Once your new windows arrive (or you pick them up from the store), you’ll need to remove the old ones. There are different ways to accomplish this, but for these steps, we’ll explain how to remove the window from the outside. You can do this by:
- Remove the storm windows (if applicable) by lifting them out of their channels (and unscrewing them, if necessary).
- Score the window edge with a utility knife.
- Remove the screws.
- Use a pry bar to remove the frame.
- Remove the weights or sash springs, depending on what your current window has. To remove weights, cut the cords and let the weight fall into the frame. For sash springs, cut and remove them before removing the screws holding the springs in place.
- Identify and remove exterior stops. You can leave the interior stops in place.
- Fill any holes with wood filler to have solid, stable wood where the new window will be placed.
Before you begin, we want to issue a word of caution: if your home was built before 1978, it may contain lead paint. If the windows or the paint around them haven’t been replaced in those years, you may want to contact a professional for help. Lead paint can be toxic if ingested and cause breathing difficulties if inhaled. If in doubt, it’s better to be safe rather than sorry.
Cleaning the Window Opening
Clean the window opening of any debris you make when removing the old window. There will likely also be dirt and some debris, which should be cleaned off. A shop vacuum works well for this step. You can also wipe it down with a damp cloth, if necessary, but we recommend following that up with a dry towel so it doesn’t remain moist.
Window Installation Process
You can begin the window installation process once you’ve gathered the required supplies and completed the prep work. Follow the 12 steps below, taking care not to miss or skip any step.
Step 1: Applying Flashing Tape
Apply flashing tape along the length of the windowsill, extending it up to the vertical leg of the stool, which is the bottom ledge of the interior side window. Remember to work it into the corner of the stool so everything is completely covered and the flashing tape lays straight, without bumps or gaps.
Step 2: Leveling the Sill
Ensuring the sill is level and without bowing is crucial for a secure fit. You can use a level for this step. If the sill isn’t level, you can use shims to correct the issue. Remember to secure shims with flashing tape and screws to prevent movement.
Step 3: Dry Fitting the New Window
Before moving forward, check that the window fits well in the opening. You don’t want a snug fit, but there should only be a small gap around the window frame. If the gap is too large or the window fits too snuggly, you may need to redo the first two steps until you get it just right. Once you do, carefully set the window to the side and proceed with the rest of the window installation project.
Step 4: Applying Caulk
Starting at the top of the frame (called the interior head), lay a 3/8-inch bead of silicone caulk. Work your way to the stops and the sill.
Step 5: Placing and Securing the Window
Using the interior stops as support, place the window in the opening and press it firmly against the caulk you just laid. Secure the window using shims, putting them at the screw holes which have been pre-drilled into the frame. Drive screws into the holes and through the shims from the interior side of your window.
Note: The interior side should be opposite of where you’ve been completing most of the work. It may help to have a friend help with this part.
Step 6: Checking the Sashes
Check that the window sashes sit evenly in the frame. If they don’t, you may need to use extra shims at the meeting rails, which are the horizontal frame elements on the sashes. You’ll know the meeting rails because they’ll meet when the window is closed (hence the name). Installing shims can help adjust the frame of a new window when it doesn’t quite fit right.
Step 7: Verifying Window is Even
Check that your window is plumb, level and square. You should also verify that the window operates correctly and without issue. If you used additional shims, trim anything that is sticking out.
Step 8: Filling in the Gaps
Apply window spray foam from the outside, filling in any gaps that may exist. For larger gaps, you can use backer rod weatherstripping. Be careful not to overfill gaps.
Step 9: Measuring Height
Measure the height of the bottom of the window to the sill. Then, using a utility knife, cut the sill adapter.
Step 10: Drilling Weep Holes
Drill two weep holes at the bottom of your sill adapter and lock it onto the window. These two little holes will help water drain out, which is crucial for avoiding mold or mildew.
Step 11: Installing Trim
Attach exterior trim to the window frame using finish nails, and gently tap them in with a nail set to avoid damaging the trim. Seal the trim edges with latex caulk, ensuring it does not block the weep holes. Fill any visible nail holes with wood putty and apply paint to the trim where necessary.
Step 12: Caulking the Interior
Apply latex caulk along the interior trim to complete the window installation project. Then, stand back and appreciate your new window!
Don’t forget to test your new window after installation!
Window Installation Tips and Tricks
You may find the following tips and tricks helpful during your window installation project:
- Consider asking a friend or family member to help you install your window. Several steps during the window installation process are best done by two people. Plus, large windows can be heavy, which poses a safety hazard (and a lot of stress) if dropped.
- When checking whether a window is square, measure the diagonals of the window frame, not the interior trim.
- When filling gaps, avoid using batt insulation, which tends to absorb water.
- Take all your measurements twice to ensure absolute accuracy. This will save you a lot of potential hassle.
- Inspect the new window for any damage or defects before installing it.
Window Installation FAQs
Below, we’ve answered some of our customers’ most common window installation questions. We hope you find them helpful!
Is DIY window installation a good idea?
DIY window installation can be cost-effective if you have the required skills and tools. However, proper installation is crucial to avoid future problems. For this reason, we recommend hiring a professional if you don’t feel confident completing the project.
What are the most common mistakes to avoid during DIY window installation?
Common mistakes include incorrect measurements, improper sealing, using incorrect tools or materials and not ensuring the window is level.
Do I need a permit for DIY window installation?
Regulations vary by location. However, replacing windows in existing openings typically doesn’t require a permit. But you’ll want to check with your local building department to be certain.
Should I replace windows all at once or one at a time?
There are benefits to each method, so you should choose the option that best fits your budget and schedule. Replacing all the windows at once may be more efficient and lead to more drastic reductions in energy costs. However, replacing one at a time can spread out the costs and labor over a longer period.
How can I ensure my DIY-installed windows are energy-efficient?
Choose energy-efficient windows with low E-coatings and proper weatherstripping. Ensure a tight seal during installation and consider adding additional insulation around the frame for maximum energy efficiency.
What if I still have questions about window installation?
If you still have questions about your window installation project, we encourage you to call us at (833) 367-9687. We’re happy to answer any questions you may have.
Get Professional Window Installation Today!
Have you decided hiring professionals for your window installation project is the best choice? Or do you want to discuss your options? Fill out the contact form below! We look forward to hearing from you!
